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The Cold War (US History) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Cold War (US History) - Assignment Example In this manner, U.S contribution in the Korean War was an aberrant message to the Soviets that America would not permit the spread of socialism in around the globe. (2) TRUMAN-When he left office on January 20, 1953, Harry Trumans notoriety rating remained at simply 22%. In the decades since his administration he has ascended to between 6-8 in many history specialists rankings. What was it about his administration that caused this revaluation of him? President Harry S. Truman’s is progressively well known today since he is credited dropping two nuclear bombs in Japan that finished World War II. Truman’s solid help of the Marshall plan for revamping Europe, the production of the United Nations, the â€Å"containment† of socialism, the establishing of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO and the making of the State of Israel likewise helped his ubiquity. (3) NATIONAL SECURITY-Was there any approach to protect national protection from the socialist danger than the strategies utilized during the late 1940s and 1950s (now and again called, all things considered, McCarthyism)? Clarify, With the advantage of knowing the past, the ‘containment’ strategy of the U.S was the best alternative to defying the spread of socialism. The possible accomplishment of American virus war strategy bolsters this attestation. In spite of the fact that, it is conceivable the U.S could have made progress with progressively conciliatory suggestions towards socialist systems like the Soviet Union and China. There is minimal verification that this strategy would have been progressively successful be that as it may. McPhee I. (2008). Harry Trumans First Term: The Rising Popularity of One of Americas Great President. Recovered from http://americanhistory.suite101.com/article.cfm/harry_trumans_first_term#ixzz0DjFR0hJc&B The National Archives. Educating With Documents: The United States Enters the Korean Conflict. [Online]. The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, MD 20740-6001. Recovered from

How to Measure and Track SEO Success

How to Measure and Track SEO Success Business planning not only involves a firm’s key actor’s identifying business goals, but also defining how those actors will measure the success of those goals. This is particularly important with online initiatives, which inherently provide a wealth of data. Firms must know which metrics, and what kinds of changes in those metrics, will accurately reflect the success; they must understand the relationships between relevant metrics, and they must know which metrics are merely noise. Without a thorough understanding of how to arrive at the goal, it is unlikely the firm will achieve it.Many firms and individuals think of search engine optimization (SEO) as, primarily, a method to increase site traffic. However, when approaching SEO, online strategists should assess this and other measures of SEO success, when determining a firm’s overall online goals. After all, increasing site traffic is only a means to an end. In addition, many intermediate steps must be taken before a firm see s an increase in site traffic, or other notable results.Further, there are many analytical measures, as well as software applications, available for use when considering the success or failure of SEO strategies. A thorough understanding of these should be a requisite of any SEO consultant or in-house SEO professional, as they will be integral in measuring the firm’s SEO success. © Shutterstock.com | Max GriboedovIn this article, we will cover 1) the three most common measures of SEO success,  2) more SEO measures and trends,  3) common analytic programs for measuring SEO success,  and 4) analyzing and interpreting the data.THE THREE MOST COMMON MEASURES OF SEO SUCCESSThe three most common measures of SEO success by far are rankings, traffic, and conversions.#1: RankingsThis refers to a website’s position in search engine results. Firms listed on the first page of search results have more credibility in the mind of the consumer. Users are far more likely to purchase a product/service from a company who appears on the first page of search results. Further, prominence in search results heightens overall awareness of a firm’s brand. For this reason, improving website ranking, or maintaining an already high ranking, are common SEO goals and should be considered in the context of the firm’s larger brand awareness strategy and goals.#2: TrafficImproving a we bsite’s ranking generally increases the amount of traffic to the website, often dramatically. SEO professionals must ensure that their websites appear prominently in user search results for common keywords and key phrases associated with the products/services they sell. For example, a local kitchen remodel and appliance retailer in Lansing, Michigan might want consumers searching for key phrases like “best refrigerators Lansing” or “Lansing affordable kitchen countertops” to find their brand, rather than those of their competitors. They also want to increase the number of links on third-party websites funneling traffic to their webpage, which, in addition to increasing traffic, also has the effect of increasing website ranking. Content marketing, when executed properly can increase both new and repeat visitors to the website, while social media marketing can draw in new audiences and spread marketing messages far and wide.#3: ConversionsIncreased rankings and traffic mean little if, once on a website, consumers are not impelled to perform a particular action. Most firms automatically think of conversions in pure sales terms, but depending on the firm’s inbound marketing and overall sales strategy, there can be multiple times of conversion, ultimately leading to a sale. For example, a keyword search could lead a user to a firm’s landing page to download a free whitepaper on a business topic in exchange for contact information. The number of downloads is a conversion, whether or not a purchase is eventually made. Traffic stemming from user’s keyword/phrases queries generally has higher conversion rates than traffic from referral sites because the user is already engaged and seeking to fulfill a need. Both traffic and conversions should not only be thought of in pure SEO terms but should be closely aligned with the firm’s overall marketing and sales strategies.As with conversions, there are multiple ways to refine how one measures rankings and t raffic. Firms can determine if there are particular search engines in which they wish to improve their rank, what keyword search results in which they wish to appear prominently, and more, as well as set specific targets by specific deadlines.MORE SEO MEASURES AND TRENDSLikewise, firms have many measures available they can use to refine how they assess traffic. Here are some of the most common measures firms use:Number and quality of referring sitesBoth of these factors have a definitive impact on ranking, but they each play a role in increasing traffic as well. The more links one has referred to one’s website the easier the site will be for crawlers to index, which can boost website rankings. Further, the more likely, it is for someone to come to your site from that referring site. Websites with high visibility will not only help a firm’s rankings as well but will likely refer more traffic a firm’s site than those from websites with low visibility. For example, an article on the website of The New York Times about the firm will be read by more people, generate more interest, and result in more traffic, than a link from a random individual’s personal blog.Keyword rankThis ranking measure allows firms to assess their search visibility in specific keyword searches. Firms want consumers to come across their products/services when they run queries using general descriptors. Once the general keywords/phrases most commonly associated with the products/services offered by a particular firm are identified through keyword research, SEO professionals should implement tactics designed to increase traffic from each of these keywords/phrases. For example, a local Mexican restaurant in Buffalo, New York” might seek increases in traffic from queries like “best Mexican food in Buffalo”, “great enchiladas Buffalo” and similar frequently searched terms.Traffic and conversions resulting from keywordsThese two separate measures play key roles in not only SEO eff orts, but also overall marketing and sales efforts as well. SEO professionals should work towards sustainable increases in traffic from targeted consumers, as well as conversions of those visitors to sales.EngagementIt is not enough to create an easy to navigate website full of keyword rich content. Key to conversions and overall SEO is engagement. Content should be relevant, interesting, and consistently updated. Moreover, it should direct visitors to action. Search engines notice when visitors quickly leave websites and rank websites accordingly. Indicators of engagement include a low bounce rate â€" the percentage of users who immediately leave a website without visiting a second page on it, time on site, time on specific pages, number of pages visited, and actions performed while on the website.Domain Authority (DA)DA is a measure created by Moz, an industry-leading SaaS firm widely acknowledged as an authority on SEO. Scored between 0 and 100, it is an aggregate of at least 40 SEO measures and is strongly correlated with high traffic and search rank. In general, proactively, employing white hat SEO strategies can increase DA. Proactively involves not only building a high quality website and building a strong link profile; it also means ridding a website’s SEO profile of factors that harm its ranking, such as irrelevant backlinks. COMMON ANALYTICS PROGRAMS FOR MEASURING SEO SUCCESSMany applications and methods allow firms to track and measure the results of their SEO tactics. Search engines, such as Google and Bing, as well as third-party SEO consulting firms, offer analytics programs that allow firms to track their on-page activity in real-time or near-real-time. These programs provide a wealth of data about everything from the type of browsers and devices used to access the site, to the sequence of pages visited by users once on the site. This is invaluable information that can be used to inform site improvements, such as new content development and ch anges in site navigation, as well as test the efficacy of changes that are made. Some of the most common applications include Google Analytics, Bing Webmaster tools, Adobe Marketing Cloud, Piwik, KISSmetrics, Clicky, and GoingUp.Google Analytics allows firms a deep dive into website performance through what is known as advanced segments â€" a feature that allows firms to track performance based on specific visitor segments and create reports based on them. For example, an advanced segment report might include information on visitors being referred by non-branded keywords, those based on specific traffic sources (e.g. all traffic from Twitter), or all based on key phrases containing specific numbers of keywords. Many other analytics programs offer this level of information, but web professionals unversed in data analysis often fail to take advantage of it.There are also free and paid applications and scripts that firms can use to analyze content for keyword density â€" the number of times keywords/phrases appear in the content. Similar tools are available to help professionals analyze their use of metadata on a page. These tools allow professionals to analyze their page just as a crawler would, and make changes to the HTML based on this analysis that can improve SEO.UTM codes are code snippets that can be attached to a specific webpage (or a subset of webpages) that will allow professionals to analyze performance. UTM codes are specifically helpful in tracking how well offline advertising funnels traffic to a firm’s website; by creating a vanity URL and advertising it through a specific medium, and then adding a UTM code to that vanity URL, firms can see how well each type of advertising is performing. This information is not only invaluable for general marketing/advertising purposes, but by using UTM codes to track the efficacy of online marketing campaigns, such as social media campaigns, UTM codes can be a boon to overall SEO as well.It is important to und erstand what the competition is doing as well. Keyword intelligence tools like KeywordSpy, SpyFu, SEMrush, or others show SEO professionals how the websites of competing websites rank for specific keywords â€" that should inform keyword and SEO strategies.ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING THE DATAThese tools and many others are available for free or for a nominal cost. However, many firms still look at surface metrics of SEO success. A mere increase in search engine results is a superficial way to gauge the effectiveness of an SEO strategy. Trend analysis is critical. Firms should assess spikes or dips in traffic, rankings, and conversions, for cause and sustainability over time. A firm may see a huge spike in traffic from a new article published on a trending topic. However, if the topic’s subject matter is more ephemeral than evergreen, that spike may dissipate in weeks or days.For web professionals who suddenly find themselves with SEO responsibilities, mere understanding of, and trai ning in, on-page SEO factors like metadata and keyword density, is inadequate. They must understand data analysis, data segmentation, and testing, as well as competitive intelligence. They should also understand that localization, personalization, and other factors affect the ultimate visibility of a firm’s site, and the conversion rates of its landing pages.Take localization. Firms should focus efforts on local and target markets, as well as global ones. Assessing appropriate local strategies, as well as general ones, can yield increased traffic and conversions, when they inform content and keyword strategies, website structure, content, and culture. Firms in global markets should also incorporate language, prevailing social media networks, and dominant search engine in the market. In the U.S. and many European countries, Google’s search results are of primary importance; however, in China, Baidu has the greatest visibility, as does Yandex in Russia.Of course, firms want to dev ote some resources to all of the search engines in their space. A firm might be losing revenue because they rank high in Google search results, low in Yahoo’s search results, and their average consumer predominantly uses Yahoo. It is important to assess how people are finding the firm’s site, as well as know who the major players are in search in the firm’s respective market.Personalization is another significant factor influencing traffic and conversion rates. Google, Bing, and Yahoo personalize search results for each user; the more they use the respective search engine and its firm’s products and services, the more each search query is refined. This heightens the need for metadata, easy site navigation, and structured data, which crawlers use to understand sites, assess them, and place them in more search results. Building branded social channels rich in keywords, with socially shared branded content, can ensure that websites appear, and reappear, in search results.Websit e personalization can greatly increase user engagement and inspire low bounce rates, long times on the site, conversions, and repeat visits. Cookie-based features that identify users by name, reflect their previous actions, provide content relevant to their interests, and offer useful recommendations, can result in dramatic increases in traffic and conversions. They can also stimulate organic links, as third-party news sites, blogs, and others review, and link to, the website.When analyzing the data, SEO professionals should use multiple analytics programs to ensure the accuracy of web data. They should also take full advantage of the data visualization tools found in common analytics programs or others such as Graphviz or NodeXL. Fundamentally, they should regularly perform analyzes of link profiles, site architecture, and keyword rankings in relation to their site as well as those of their competitors, on a regular basis. They should also regularly assess their own and their compe titor’s social media presence, analyzing keyword density and reach of shared material. Competitive analysis will provide technical insights into effective (or ineffective) SEO strategies, as well as consumer insights about the industry, brand perception, products/services, and marketing.For web developers with SEO responsibility, it may be helpful to consult with in-house or third-party data scientists when interpreting the data. They may be able to provide insights into common biases, such as seasonality, and correcting for them in data analysis.

Oedipus the King - Exploited or Exploiter Essay - 915 Words

Oedipus the King - Exploited or Exploiter? Great thinkers throughout history have contrived intricate theories of social order. By applying these particular ideologies to literature, we as readers are able to see a great work through the eyes of one or many of historys most celebrated philosophers. Sophocles Oedipus the King has been open to many interpretations. With its intricate plot, archetypical tragic character, and lofty social issues, Oedipus the King provides for virtually any and all interpretations. One such literary theory is Marxism. Marxism, the sociological system of belief created and presented by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, has had profound influence on western politics and world sociologic theory†¦show more content†¦Many aspects of Marxs theory is exemplified in Sophocles Oedipus the King. Looking at Sophocles great play as a whole, there are several interpretations that the Marxist might have. In applying the Marxist contrived class system, one could designate the gods, and namely Apollo, as the Bourgeoisie upper class, and Oedipus as the Proletariat. This interpretation can be accepted because within the context of the play Apollo and the gods have complete control of Oedipus fate, and thus, his entire physical life. Oedipus is clearly held accountable to the gods, and so it can be argued that the gods exploit and take advantage of Oedipus human qualities. In particular, Oedipus honest nature and genuine concern for his people is what eventually leads to his downfall. It can be deduced that the gods, who controlled the fate of Oedipus, intentionally used these traits against him in the same way factory owners used their workers diligent work to achieve and maintain a high social status. Oedipus could not determine his own fate, much like employees who are forced to w ork just to merely survive. Disputants of this theory might argue that Oedipus, a king, isnt eligible for the label of Proletariat. Within the context of a social system, a king, the pinnacle of society, could never be viewed as submissive to anything. Considering that Marxs theory is byShow MoreRelated Marxist Theory and Oedipus the King Essay1339 Words   |  6 PagesMarxist Theory and Oedipus the King      Ã‚  Ã‚   The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles (Marx and Engels 2). This excerpt, taken from Karl Marxs and Friedrich Engels The Communist Manifesto, explains the two primary classes found throughout most of Europe during the era of the Industrial Revolution. These classes were the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The former were known as the exploiters and the latter as the exploited. The wealth, power,

Condoleezza Rice Essay - 1106 Words

â€Å"I don’t ever remember thinking that I was an exceptional student, segregation was just always in my way†, Condoleezza once said looking back on her difficult childhood. Segregation played a huge part in Condoleezza Rice’s life. Whether it took place during the times of her childhood or even while she held her position as Secretary of State. No matter how tough times became for Rice, she always held her head up high and never gave up. It’s evident that Condoleezza Rice is a living leader because she is determined, dedicated, and confident. Condoleezza Rice’s determination is one of the many ways she demonstrates leadership. To begin with, Condoleezza rice received a low score on her SAT; however she didn’t let that get in the way†¦show more content†¦No matter what Condoleezza Rice had to overcome to become who she wanted to be she would do it. Rice was highly dedicated to her job as ‘National Security Advisor’. â€Å"The presidency is not just the president; it’s the whole team of people who are going to get things done† (Felix, 5). Condoleezza Rice always put all of her hard work in to what she did for the president. She never thought of her job as ‘National Security Advisor’ as an occupation, but instead she referred to it as a way of life. Even though Rice is presented as being diligent and hard- working, she is not known as someone who will illuminate the president’s ideas with her intelligence, but instead she only presents the basic facts making sure to leave out any of her own voiced opinions (Taking Care of Washington). Condoleezza Rice’s dedication is evident by her many hours of work per day. Not only does Rice stay with her ridiculous schedule but, she always puts her duties first. Rice tends to only put most of her time towards her job, not her personal life. Once Condoleezza Rice settled in as secretary of state, she began to looking at her job in a whole new perspective. For instance, she works hard to keep her private opinions to herself so she can keep her image as an enigma (First Black Women to Hold Post). Whether Rice is working as a ‘Spokesperson’ or Bush’s ‘Eyes and ears’ she serves solely as intermediary, never as anShow MoreRelatedWho Is Condoleezza Rice?2342 Words   |  10 PagesWho is Condoleezza Rice? In 1955, during a sensitive and memorable moment for Black Americans, a time of legalized segregation; Jim Crow, an African American girl was born by the name of Condelezza Rice. With that being a huge obstacle to face from her and her entire family, as well as living in Birmingham, Alabama, popular South area where many other African Americans popularly known during this time fought for equal rights and later fought for equality during the Civil War, Condelezza wouldRead More Condoleezza Rice Essay3360 Words   |  14 PagesCondoleezza Rice   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At this point in time the name and image of Condoleezza Rice is commonplace among the majority of informed Americans. As the first female to serve as the National Security Advisor to the President of the United States, Dr. Rice was propelled even further into the spotlight following the attacks on America on September 11th 2001. I too, like most Americans, saw a lot more of Condi, as she is known by her many friends and colleagues, after September 11. Clearly she was intelligentRead More Condoleezza Rice Essay770 Words   |  4 PagesCondoleezza Rice Not many people can add the position of National Security Advisor to their list of achievements, especially if those people are women. Condoleezza Rice, however, can place the accomplishment right up there with being a previous member of President Bush’s foreign-policy team, and tenured professor and provost in the political science department of the prestigious Stanford University. Rice is well known for her knowledge on Russian history and currentRead More What Kind of Leader Is Ms. Condoleezza Rice? Essay3525 Words   |  15 Pages Dr. Condoleezza Rice was sworn in as Secretary of State on January 25, 2005. She is a clear example of a leader, which possesses certain traits that have led her to where she is today. In order to evaluate her as a leader, it is necessary to look at different aspects of her leadership. It is important to examine her personality traits and values, ethical challenges she will face, her candidacy, her leadership style, and her dark-side traits. The first way to evaluate her as a leader is to lookRead MoreSecretary Of State Condoleezza Rice1097 Words   |  5 Pages In June of 2005, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice went up to 600 people at the American University in Cairo and delivered a very powerful speech on the advancement of democracy in the Middle East. â€Å"For 60 years, my country, the United States, pursued stability at the expense of democracy in this region here in the Middle East, and we achieved neither, she declared, â€Å"Now we are taking a different course. We are supporting the democratic aspirations of all people.† Her speech was seen as an attackRead MoreWomen Leaders Who Broke Through the Glass Ceiling Essay674 Words   |  3 PagesCondoleezza Rice, Hillary Clinton, Sarah Palin, and Nancy Pelosi are four women leaders who have broken the glass ceiling in the world of politics and leadership. The one specific, predominant, and common characteristic that three of these superwomen possess that may be the reason for their success is their diplomatic ways and mirroring styles. Condoleezza Rice, Hillary Clinton, and Nancy Pelosi are the three leaders who have strategically incorporated the ability to mirror those they have dealingsRead MoreThe, Extraordinary, Ordinary People : A Memoir Of Family1334 Words   |  6 Pagesin American life. Yet reacting to every incident real or imaged is crippling, tiring and ultimately counterproductive† – Condoleeza Rice, Extraordinary, Ordinary people: A Memoir of Family In 1955, during a sensitive and memorable moment for Black Americans, a time of legalized segregation; Jim Crow, an African American girl was born by the name of Condoleezza Rice. With that being a huge obstacle to face from her and her entire family, as well as living in Birmingham, Alabama, popular South areaRead MoreThe Collapse Of The Soviet Union1686 Words   |  7 PagesOren presents his first piece of evidence. Mr. Oren states that the showdown between ideologies began between Vice-President Cheney and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice who disagreed as to what the proper response in Iran should be. Cheney had always maintained a hard line stance in foreign affairs and Iran was no different. Secretary Rice favored the use of diplomacy to achieve a resolution in Iran. Mr. Oren states that, â€Å"Cheney’s influence on policy, which was unparalleled during PresidentRead More Promotion of Democracy and its Purpose in the United States Plans1481 Words   |  6 Pagesmo re likely to be less of a threat to the security of the United States. Failing states like majority of the Middle East often cannot be trusted in any diplomatic processes that help their citizens and bring a negative effect internationally. Condoleezza Rice believes, â€Å"weak and failing state serve as global pathways that facilitate the spread of pandemics, the movement of criminals and terrorist, and the proliferation of he world’s most dangerous weapons.† . Failing states need to be changed becauseRead MoreLeadership Style Based On Rewards And Punishments For Work1569 Words   |  7 Pagesbeneficial and productive for both the leader and the team that they lead. Regardless of political affiliation or views one can look objectively at three dynamic female leaders who have emerged on the American political scene in recent years, Condoleezza Rice, Hillary Clinton and Nancy Pelosi. Each woman collectively possesses an abundance of self-awareness that has helped them reach posts of power within the American political system while breaking through and above the glass ceiling. Aptly described

Unit E-Commerce Free Essays

There’s a competition between businesses in who can get to the top, so the most amount of people ill see and even click on their website and their most likely to receive the most business. Search engines look for the search term entered within the sites they’ve collected. Searches are then listed in their determination Of how relevant the site’s content is to the term entered. We will write a custom essay sample on Unit E-Commerce or any similar topic only for you Order Now To make sure your site gets the most views as possible, you can pay to make sure that the site has priority and be at the top in searches on search engines, regardless of the amount of relevance to the term. It costs quite a bit of money but would be effective. Newsgroups and forums – Newsgroups and forums is an online discussion site where people from different places can create a conversation by posting messages. For example, Trapdoors is a website of people’s reviews of places they have been around the world and has a travel forum where uses can share experience, gain people’s opinions and get answers to questions and queries fast. Newsgroups and forums alike, can advertise to particular types of people, for example, a company selling clothing items, would advertise on a fashion forum. The websites URL can be posted on newsgroups and forums. This is a good way of promoting, and promoting to specific group people, great if your website is in the niche market. Also, if someone opens your site up and likes it, their likely to say their comments, however they may spread criticisms and negative comments. And it’s notes newsgroups and forums that you can post your site to; its social media like Faceable. All these ways are completely free also, especially as other forms Of promotion like sponsorships can be very expensive. Banners and pop-ups – I’m sure you’ve seen banners and pop-ups, they come up onto your desktops and internet earaches. It’s basically and image or short video and either runs along the top of the site, along the side or above the task. The video or image attracts people’s attention, and nowadays if you hover over some, they expand over the whole page after three seconds. The adverts company and the site that allow the advert each make money when someone clicks on the advert and gets more and more whenever another person clicks on their site. Also, if you’ve used an e-commerce site before and you’ve looked at particular items, they will come up in banners, as it remembers that you liked that item, and rises to entice you to buy it. Spam -? This is an e-mail that is sent to lots of people at random to reach as many people as they can. However, nowadays, theirs soft are that you can use to filter spam out from you’re inbox, so people don’t end up opening viruses. If people don’t have this software, but are aware of internet privacy and threats, they will become less likely to open e-mails from people they don’t know. Companies get e-mails and other methods of contact, through many ways, such as signing up to something online, completing online surveys, or even through the phone. Effective user interface -? Having an effective user interface is essential in having a successful business as it means people that are not so able in working technology, can easily still work it. This gives the site more views as people will generally come back again. Maintaining the site may be easier to keep up also. Online customer loyalty – This is similar too shop having loyalty cards, as the e-commerce site hands out offers and deals. They work buy either, buying products and getting offers on those and similar products, a point system or a buy three and with you third you get something for free. Customers would be likely to use the site again, if it means free or discounts and would be less likely to leave if they know they’ll get deals. Site names -? Website names are most effective when they are memorable or simple. For example, compartmented. Com, has a memorable advert that makes sure potential customers don’t think its compartmentalize. Com. Another example, are websites that are simple and suitable, with no dashes or weird spellings, such as Google. Co. UK or youth. Com. If names are complicated then possible customers may be lost, due to errors in typing which can lead o ending up on a rival site. How to cite Unit E-Commerce, Papers

Tran Thi Hong Mai Essays - Biology, Cloning, Molecular Biology

Tran Thi Hong Mai 1632300014 WRT 122 Final essay Cloning should be allowed The idea of the possibility of cloning has long interested scientists from all over the world. "Cloning technology was invented during the twentieth century and now is poised to help define the twenty-first" (Levine, 2007). According to Biology Online (n.d.), "Cloning is the process of creating an exact copy of a biological unit (e.g. a DNA sequence,cell, ororganism) from which it was derived, especially by way of biotechnological methods." In today's world, cloning has extremely beneficial effects in humans' lives, so "Cloning research on human cells has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of several medical problems in the future" (Paul, 2016). For example, cloning helps cure numerous medical conditions, assists infertility family, and creates high quality and extraordinary person. In fact, cloning should be allowed. Cloning helps cure numerous medical conditions. Johnson (2001) stated that "research on embryonic stem cells is therefore considered by many scientists to be instrumental in developing a diverse supply of tissues to be used in the treatment of a variety of health problems including AIDS, diabetes, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, spinal cord injuries, and heart disease" (Nisbet,2014). Furthermore, one of the most beneficial aspects to cloning is the ability to duplicate organs. In 1998, Forster found the following "that cloning technology may be beneficial for producing replacement skin, cartilage, or bone tissues for bum and accident victims and/or nerve tissue for spinal cord injuries." For example, "The objective of therapeutic cloning is to produce pluripotent stem cells that carry the nuclear genome of the patient and then induce them to differentiate into replacement cells, such as cardiomyocytes to replace damaged heart tissue or insulin-producing cells for patients with diabetes" (Lanza, Cibelli, West, 1999). Another instance is that "Creating an artificial implantable kidney would be an epic advance in medicine and could address a chronic shortage of donor kidneys needed for transplant" (Artificial kidney, n.d.). Therefore, patients do not need to wait for organ donation from others and less have to suffer. Cloning help people avoid outbreaks of chronic diseases and living longer by artificial organs. Cloning assists infertility family. For example, in 2002, National Research Council argued that "Infertile couples who wish to have a child that is genetically identical with one of them, or with another nucleus donor" (p.27). In addition, "Other individuals who wish to have a child that is genetically identical with them, or with another nucleus donor" (National Research Council, 2002, p.27). "It is estimated there are 12 million infertile Americans. The majority cannot be helped by any current method of assisted reproduction to have a baby that is biologically theirs" (Cloning for, 1998). Furthermore, people will be not worry about the ethics of cloning in this case because "The national bioethics advisory commission (1997) feels it is worth stressing that any children born as a results of this technique should be treated as having the same rights and moral status as any other human being" (Paul,2000. p.3). The important thing is that "with genetic parenthood, the same-sex famil y would look more like the heterosexual family, and that could help diminish societal stigmatization of homosexual individuals" (Orentlicher, 2000). Thus, cloning can cure infertile to be happier. Cloning can create high quality and extraordinary person. "An important consequence of these models is that if ability is genetically heritable, cloning tends to increase the proportion of high ability people in society" (Paul, 2002). For example, Lederburg (1966) and McKinnell (1979) stated that "looks to benefits to the broader society from being able to replicate extraordinary individuals a Mozart, Einstein, Gandhi, or Schweitzer. Cloning them would produce individuals with the same genetic inheritances" (Brock, n.d.). In fact, we use factitious intelligence and technology to store the celebrity's behavior then form a body with the brain of the deceased (Bocanegra, n.d.). If it not create people in some countries like Japan, Germany or Switzerland, "a shrinking working age population and low population growth would mean that there would be fewer workers and consumers, leading to lower investment and manufacturing of goods and services" (Salman, 2015).From this, Kilner (2002) state d that, "Other clones could be produced with unusually high or low mental capacities that would suit them well to do

Mcdonalds in China Essays

Mcdonalds in China Essays Mcdonalds in China Essay Mcdonalds in China Essay Introduction: McDonald’s in China McDonald’s is considered as the most successful and largest restaurant chain in the world. In 1990 McDonald’s opened its first store in Shenzhen China. In 1992, McDonald’s Beijing outlet was opened. There are more than 800 McDonald’s outlets in China today. This paper aims to analyze the importance and the extent to which culture affects the operations of McDonald’s in China. The impacts of the Chinese culture on the operations, policies and decisions of McDonald’s are studied as well as the changes brought about by McDonalds, a symbol of American culture, to the Chinese society. Two areas will be analyzed –employee relations (human resources management processes and policies) and restaurant operations. Part I: The Chinese Culture Kluckohn and Strodtbeck’s Cultural Orientations According to Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck (1961) there are five basic value orientations underlying cultures. These orientations are human nature (good versus mixed versus evil crossed with the mutability of the goodness), man nature (subjugation to nature, harmony with nature, mastery over nature), time (past, present, future), activity (being, being-in-becoming, doing), and relational (lineality, collaterality, individualism). Human nature refers to the innate goodness of people. A counterexample of this comes from the idea that people are evil, as evidenced in traditional Puritan thought. Emphasis was placed on controlling and regulating behavior to prevent evil from spreading. The man-nature aspect involves the relation of the individual to nature. For instance, many Asia n cultures stress the view that man must be seen as a harmonious part of nature, whereas the orientation of most Anglo Westerners is that of man over nature that is, dominance of nature through technological means. The time orientation refers to the time frame salient to a group. For example, Chinese culture places a great deal of emphasis on ancestral obligations and rites (related to the Confucian principles of relationships and the five moral principles. Such a past orientation is contrasted with the future orientation of Westerners, who are often discontent with their current setting and seek change for the better. An activity orientation concerns self-expression in activity. In a being society, emphasis is placed on immediate gratification and spontaneous action, much like Morriss Dionysian dimension. A being-in-becoming society focuses on action and accomplishment measurable achievements. Finally, the relational orientation involves an individuals relation to his or her collective (Earley 1997). Culture and Its Importance Culture as a meaning system is materialized in patterns of human behavior and social interaction as well as in artifacts and observable rituals. Culture means more than physical materials or observed patterning of human interactions. It is also found in the evolution of distinct systems of ideas, beliefs, values, and their manifestations through symbols, forms of presentation, and patterns of social relationships. Culture is not static but dynamic, a constantly flowing current (Chaffee et al 1994). Each culture has its distinct value systems and orientations (Kluckhohn Strodtbeck 1961). Values are often revealed in the behavioral patterns, community relationships, rituals, and cultural artifacts that make it possible for us to recognize and experience each culture. A conceptual definition must differentiate values from other closely related concepts such as beliefs, attitudes, and norms. Values are a type of belief, but are not identical with beliefs, which are cognitive elements that have existential referents. In Kluckhohn and Strodtbecks terms, a value system is a set of principles that are patterned in a distinct configuration. This patterning of value elements distinguishes one value system from another. For example, both Chinese and Americans value family stability. But in traditional Chinese culture, family stability was built upon the supreme importance of ones obligations to ancestors, clan, and parents. The Chinese value of family stability is closely associated with many other values, such as prohibiting free male-female courtship and reliance on parental arrangement for marriages. This means that forces beyond the marriage itself, primarily those from clan and family elders, are involved in enforcing family stability (Chaffee et al 1994). Study of Chinese Relationships One area in which values differ across cultures is that of social relationships. Social relationships are those that are stabilized institutionally through culturally understood roles and responsibilities. For example, male and female relationships involve culturally accepted behavioral expectations in work situations, in families, and in social interactions. In each of these settings, there are socially accepted definitions of roles, through expected behavioral patterns and responsibilities associated with being a male or female. The same can be said about relationships involving authority hierarchies, seniority, or kinship (Chaffee et al 1994). Traditional Chinese culture is widely considered to be built upon value system crystallized in Confucianism. This traditional value system is revealed through elaborate definitions, regulations, and moral and ethical principles regarding individuals’ roles and relationships. These principles are not just ideas; they are materialized in social practices, including rituals, rites, ceremonies, and cultural artifacts. At the heart of the Confucian system lies linear hierarchy governing family structure, political structure, and the supernatural world. Study of the Chinese Language The Chinese language is one of the oldest living languages, and it is spoken by more people in the world than any other. Its script is used not only in China but in Japan and Korea as well. Nobody knows exactly how old the language is in its spoken form, but its system of writing was in existence nearly four thousand years ago. It probably originated by drawing pictures of word meanings into loess or sand. Like other ancient tongues, Chinese is a pictographic not an alphabetical language. The stylized, simplified pictures called characters or ideographs appeal with some exceptions more to the eye than to the ear. Each Chinese character symbolizes a meaning, an idea; it is not comparable with Western-type words which consist of a limited number of letters. English has twenty-six letters in its alphabet; Chinese is composed of thousands of characters that must be individually memorized by anyone who learns to read and write. The great dictionary compiled during the Manchu dynasty gives some 40,000 characters; however, knowledge of 3,000 to 4,000 characters constitutes a rather adequate reading vocabulary. The modern character often shows little similarity to its original pictorial counterpart because usage as well as changes in writing instruments and materials caused changes in form (Callis 1959). Chinese characters reveal thought processes of the Chinese mind; they have universal appeal to everyone endowed with intelligence and artistic feeling. Written with a pen, characters may look ordinary; but the same characters written with the Chinese brush can reflect the personality of the writer to an extraordinary degree. They will show the flow and rhythm of life movement in which the old Chinese calligraphers took great pride. Classical written Chinese differs so much from the written language of today that intensive training is needed to master both (Defrancis 1986). Study of Chinese Nature Chinas oldest religion, influential among the people until the doorstep of our times, was a nature religion. Spirits of river and mountain, of soil and grain, of wind and water, of field and kitchen, and especially the ancestral spirits of the dead were worshipped. It was believed that they played an active part in human affairs. Lord on High (Shang Ti) was the heavenly ruler of natural forces while the Son of Heaven, emperor of all China, was the mediator between these forces and all men. At the winter solstice when the sun, the great yang, symbol of warmth, health, and righteousness, would give more light again, the emperor would make sacrifices on the Altar of Heaven. In the home of every Chinese family ceremonial honors were brought to the spirits of the ancestors who were regarded as very much alive in the spirit world and revengefully powerful on earth unless properly remembered and revered. Geomancers, knowing about feng-shui, wind and water, saw to it that buildings fitted into their natural surroundings without disturbing the spirits. Work followed the rhythm of the sun, of the seasons, and of crops. Life followed the natural cycle of birth, marriage, and death. The calendar followed the phases of the moon. Festivals were celebrated to remember the ancestors, to venerate the spirits of great men, or simply to mark the seasons and to admire nature. Typical were the Lantern Festival, the Moon Festival, or Ascending High. Chinese were masters in observing nature and using natural products. Silk, medicinal herbs, and vegetable colors are outstanding examples. Tools, toys, and art objects were made of natural materials that the soil or plants provided (Callis 1959). Study of Chinese Human Nature There are traits, combinations of traits, and behavioristic peculiarities characteristic of native Chinese. These may be explained as results of race, geography, society, and a common culture to which all nurtured and raised in China are exposed. Chinese are, in general, hard working, practical, and thrifty. They are used to working much and to thriving on and enjoying little. A trace of optimism, even of humor, seems always present in the Chinese personality. Even under the most trying circumstances a spark of hope for better times is present. Chinese peasants and workmen are rarely demoralized. They keep their chins up, take what comes, help each other out, and are amazingly content in their unending struggle for the bare necessities of life. You can rob an army of its general, but you cannot rob a common man of his will, they will say. If fate turns and things are going very well for them, they readily become easygoing, even complacent, and opulent. They may yield to temptations: gambling, women, and opium. Aroused and angered, a Chinese who has convinced himself of the evil intentions and enmity of his foe can be cruel, determined, and revengeful in the extreme. He may wait long for his opportunity, but he will not forget. On the other hand, the Chinese can be a reliable and sacrificing friend when he is bound by cordial sentiments. As a highly emotional person who thinks with his heart, he is likely to go unjustifiably far in both his animosity and his friendship. Yet to a real or imagined change of heart in his opponent, he himself will respond quickly and warmly. Though accustomed to hide his own emotions under smiles or an impersonal mask, the Chinese is an expert in the psychological observation of others. Nothing escapes him, which is advantageous to know. He can be an unobtrusive, talented spy. Deeds alone, not words, will impress him though he himself is good at playing with words to cover up his true intentions or to mislead his enemy (Callis 1959). The Chinese culture is very different from the Western culture. The discussion above presents a clear picture of the Chinese culture that will aid us in the study of how the Chinese view McDonald’s and how the company used these views, which are culturally driven, to its success. Part II: Importance of Culture to the Operations of McDonald’s in China McDonald’s Culture McDonald’s is the epitome of an American Company. For most Chinese it symbolizes the American Culture. There is a great difference between the American culture and the Chinese culture. McDonald’s as an American company have American values. McDonald’s in China, like elsewhere in the world virtually follows the corporation’s basic American operating system. The majority of employees are called the ‘crew’. In China, and in every country where there is McDonald’s, crew jobs are fragmented into different stations such as working on the till, cleaning tables and emptying bins, garnishing burgers and monitoring fries, bread machines or the grill. Virtually all aspects of the business are highly standardized and rigorously monitored. Assembly line techniques are used to produce and serve identical products; standardization and higher productivity are ensured through new technology and the systematic planning of each job, broken down into the smallest of steps. he corporations industrial engineers measure and plan the equipment layout and scheduling in terms of seconds of working time using computerized time study methods. The workers skills are eliminated and the work is labor intensive with the machinery making the cooking decisions. Lights and buzzers tell workers when to turn burgers or take fries out of the fat. Computerized cash registers do most of the thinking for till and window workers, separating the hand and the brain in classic scientific management style. According to Royle (2000), the basic principles of the McDonald’s business model are: oHigh degree of standardization in all process oVarious standardizes layouts and concepts for the restaurants oAlmost identical products all around the world with only few adaptations oVery strong quality management oHigh levels of control in collaborations McDonalds Corporation believes that standardization is the most rational means of maximizing cost efficiencies. In addition, standardization has cultural functions, where the company maintains a global corporate image for marketing and advertising purposes (Ritzer, 1996 cited in Pereira 2002). McDonalds rationalization could be seen in its optimization of work processes, particularly through the use of technology. This is more than simply referring to the use of equipment and machinery, for McDonalds technology includes all processes from the preparation, cooking and serving of the food right up to the systems of financial accounting, ordering of stocks, staff planning and training. All these processes have been fine-tuned towards achieving cost and labour efficiency, and minimizing wastages (Leidner 1993 cited in Pereira 2002). Cultural Views of the Chinese about McDonald’s In the eyes of many Chinese, McDonald’s represent the American culture and the promise of modernization. McDonald’s highly efficient service and management, its spotless dining environment, and fresh ingredients have been featured repeatedly by the Chinese media as exemplars of modernity (Yan 1997). According to Li (1999) people in China are drawn to McDonald’s because of its novelty, status and symbol. Yan (2000) argues that McDonald’s attraction fro Chinese customers does not come from its food but from the sociality of the space it provides to consumers. The space is sociable, because it gives customers a sense of public accessibility, a sense of equality between customers and restaurant employees, and, among women customers, even a sense of gender equality. For these reasons, while McDonald’s in the United States is a place for grabbing some fast food, in Beijing it is a place for friends and colleagues to hang out and communicate (cited in Yang 2002). Most international fast food chains in China, particularly McDonald’s are targeting children. The policy of one child per family has had the effect of turning single children into fussy little emperors, the center of attention of parents and relatives. High-quality food and beverage products provided by companies such as McDonald’s are targeted at children, where they find a ready market. While McDonald’s remains essentially American in terms of menu, services, and management, the company has made serious efforts to adapt to the Chinese cultural setting. To present itself as a local company, all the restaurant sin Beijing actively participate in community projects with local schools and neighborhoods (Luo 2001). McDonald’s, American Culture and Chinese Culture As McDonald’s becomes a global phenomenon, it teaches non-Western and non-US audiences new forms of producing and consuming food, while initiating some cultures into modernization and modernity itself. Studies of the introduction of McDonald’s into Asia, for instance, stress how McDonald’s teaches consumers to queue up and wait in line and enter rationalized processes of food consumption. It provides an experience of cultural otherness that enables non-Westerners to participate in the culture of Western modernity. It teaches non-Western workers speed and efficiency, as well as food hygiene and customer service (Watson 1997 cited in Kellner 2003)). It is thus part and parcel of the process of globalization that is producing new forms of culture, social practices, and ways of life. For global citizens, McDonalds represents the charisma of the golden arches, Ronald McDonald and McDonaldland, the tie-ins and promotions, and the ubiquitous advertising, aimed at a variety of genders, races, classes, and national subject-positions, which attempt to incorporate more and more cultures and sets of consumers into its McWorld. In China, McDonald’s signifies Western modernity and presents itself as an alternative to their traditional culture in terms of cuisine and social experience. However, the Chinese culture also affects McDonald’s. One example is how McDonald’s adapts to the culture and cuisine of the Chinese. McDonald’s in China redesigned its menu, serving noodle dishes along with Big Macs and allows regional owners to vary the menu according to local tastes. In its global attempts to articulate McDonalds with local forms of various cultures, the corporation calls Ronald McDonald Uncle in China and also has an Aunt figure, drawing on Chinese respect for elders and relatives (Kellner 2003). The cultural background of the Chinese people shapes their views and attitude toward McDonald’s. As a country that has been secluded from the rest of the world, the entrance of McDonald’s in China has fueled curiosity and the Chinese people’s desire for modernity and to be included in the global village. The discussion above stresses the importance of culture to the operation of McDonald’s in China because culture shapes attitudes and affects behavior and attitude. In order to be successful in China, McDonald’s need to study the Chinese culture and to be able to adapt to the norms and expectations of the Chinese society. Part III: The Impact of Culture on Employee Relations of McDonald’s in China Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions: China and The United States One of the most popular works in the study of culture is that of Geert Hosfstede (1984). Through his research and surveys he theorized that cultural and sociological differences between nations can be categorized and quantified, thereby allowing comparison of national cultures to take place. Hofstede identified five cultural dimensions. These are: 1. Power Distance The dimension of power distance is about the extent to which power structures are hierarchical and reflect significant inequalities in power. Countries with large power distances exhibit wide inequalities in power, power that is often concentrated in relatively few hands in heavily centralized and hierarchical organizations. Individuals within such cultures view themselves as inherently unequal: subordinates are dependent on those higher up the hierarchy and accept the power of their superiors by virtue of their position in the hierarchy. All participants in the hierarchy expect their position within it to be clearly demarcated. China is considered as a large power distance country. In small power distance countries, individuals are more inclined to regard themselves as equals: rather than expecting to be told what to do, subordinates expect to be consulted and will argue a case with those higher up the organization. Respect for individuals within the organization comes from their proven capacity to perform a role rather than from the possession of a particular job title or their place in an organization. Shorter small power distances coincide with flatter organization structures. The United States is considered a country with small power distance. 2. Uncertainty Avoidance Uncertainty avoidance measures the lack of tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. This manifests itself in high levels of anxiety and emotion. This in turn translates into a preference for highly structured formal rules and limited tolerance for groups and individuals demonstrating deviant ideas or behaviors. 3. Individualism vs. Collectivism The individualist-collectivist dimension measures the degree to which the interests of individuals or of the group take priority. The social framework in an individualistic society is looser than that of a more collectivist society and individuals take responsibility for themselves and their immediate as opposed to extended families. Individualist societies demonstrate a greater regard for individual rights and freedoms and tend to be characterized by assertiveness and competitiveness rather than by teamwork and cooperation. China is considered a country that is collectivist. In China, it is the group (which could be the extended family, the employer or the society as a whole) that looks after the interest of individuals and gives them their sense of identity. In return fro this protection, individuals offer the group loyalty and work towards the attainment of goals determined by and for the good of the group, organization or society. The United States on the other hand is a highly individualistic society. 4. Masculinity – Femininity Societies that place a high premium on assertiveness, achievement and the acquisition of material possessions are exhibiting aggressive or masculine goal behaviour. Masculine environments also favour conflict and competition in the workplace. Cultures that place a high value on social relationships, quality of life and sensitivity demonstrate passive or feminine goal behaviour. Cultures and workplaces scoring high on the femininity dimension exhibit high degrees of cooperation, negotiation and compromise. The United States can be considered as a masculine culture while China is leaning toward femininity. 5. Short- vs. Long-Term Orientation This cultural dimension was not included in Hofstedes original analysis but added at a later stage. In countries with a short-term orientation, which is more characteristic of Western societies (particularly the United States) and of some Asian countries such as Pakistan and the Philippines, the emphasis is on the immediate gratification of needs, a focus on the present and the attainment of short-term goals. In cultures with a more long-term orientation, which include the cultures of Japan, China, South Korea and Taiwan, the satisfaction of needs is deferred for the sake of long-term benefits and growth. Associated characteristics include persistence and thrift. International Human Resource Management International Human Resource Management is the process of procuring, allocating and affectively utilizing human resources in a multinational corporation (Sims 2002). IHRM according to Briscoe and Schuler (2004) is about understanding, researching, applying and revising all human resource activities in their internal and external contexts as they impact the process of managing human resources in enterprises throughout the global environment to enhance the experience of multiple stakeholders, including investors, customers, employees, partners, suppliers, environment and society. In the case of McDonald’s culture has little effect on the company’s operations. Although the company has invested so much on making it’s restaurants appear as local as possible, the company system remains intact. McDonald’s conduct crew-level training at 25 workstations in addition to using step by step manuals and videotapes. Due to its international scope, translators and electronic equipment are provided, which enables professors to teach and communicate in 14 languages at one time. In addition to training, its Hamburger Universities provide a variety of advanced business management course, which allows aspiring managers to earn college credit. McDonalds Corporations organizational structure and its use of technologies appear to influence its employment policy. McDonalds is structured into three main groups: the headquarters team, the restaurant managers and the crewmembers. The headquarters team refers to a small group of senior executives and managers in charge of public (community) relations, finance, personnel, human resources, training, property management and several other tasks. As the restaurant managers task involves day-to-day management of the restaurant, McDonalds usually hires secondary school leavers to fill the post as the majority of the jobs training is conducted within the restaurant itself. Restaurant managers began their careers in McDonalds as trainee managers, before rising to become second assistant manager, first assistant manager, and finally restaurant manager. The higher the managerial position, the greater the number and the complexity of tasks, including staffing, training and recruitment of crew members (and junior managers), budgeting, accounting, and maintaining discipline. Numerically, crewmembers are the largest group in the organization, but are remunerated with the lowest wages. The crews main tasks are preparing and serving the food, and cleaning the restaurant. As these tasks are relatively simplified due to the heavy rationalization of the technology, the McDonalds Corporation does not need to hire a person with a lot of education or skills. The crew face the least favorable employment conditions in comparison to the other two groups. For its employment policies, McDonalds Corporation has its own espoused philosophy, which believes that issues of efficiency and equity can be dealt with without the need for unions (Love 1995; Royle 2000). The company has its own Human Resource Management programme, one which is similar to many other corporate HRM programmes, where the main objectives are to foster employee loyalty and to keep its employees satisfied through individualizing employee relations (Beaumont 1995). McDonald’s is the largest food service operation in the world in terms of system wide sales. McDonald’s is a franchised based multinational company that establishes franchises and company-owned operations to export its products. McDonald’s has developed highly standardized and uniformed products with minor alterations depending on the local market. McDonald’s also developed a highly standardized operating system and procedure. The HRM procedures in the host country are virtually the same as the host countries. However, there are different issues that affect the IHRM practices in McDonald’s, particularly in Europe.

Scientific Method Lesson Plan

Scientific Method Lesson Plan This lesson plan gives students hands-on experience with the scientific method. The scientific method lesson plan is appropriate for any science course and can be customized to suit a wide range of educational levels. Scientific Method Plan Introduction The steps of the scientific method generally are to make observations, formulate a hypothesis, design an experiment to test the hypothesis, conduct the experiment and determine whether or not the hypothesis was accepted or rejected. Although students often can state the steps of the scientific method, they may have difficulty actually performing the steps. This exercise provides an opportunity for students to gain hands-on experience with the scientific method. Weve chosen goldfish as the experimental subjects because students find them interesting and engaging. Of course, you can use any subject or topic. Time Required The time required for this exercise is up to you. We recommend using a 3-hour lab period, but the project may be conducted in an hour or spread out over several days, depending on how involved you plan to get. Materials A tank of goldfish. Optimally, you want a bowl of fish for each lab group. Scientific Method Lesson You can work with the entire class, if it is small or feel free to ask students to break up into smaller groups. Explain the steps of the scientific method.Show the students a bowl of goldfish. Make a few observations about the goldfish. Ask the students to name characteristics of the goldfish and to make observations. They might notice the color of the fish, their size, where they swim in the container, how they interact with other fish, etc.Ask the students to list which observations involve something which could be measured or qualified. Explain how scientists need to be able to take data to perform an experiment and that some types of data are easier to record and analyze than others. Help students identify types of data that could be recorded as part of an experiment, as opposed to qualitative data that is harder to measure or data that they simply dont have the tools to measure.Have the students pose questions that they wonder about, based on the observations they have made. Make a list of the types of data they might record during an investigation of each topic.Ask the students to formul ate a hypothesis for each question. Learning how to pose a hypothesis takes practice, so its likely the students will learn from brainstorming as a lab group or class. Put up all of the suggestions on a board and help students distinguish between a hypothesis that they can test versus one they cannot test. Ask students if they can improve any of the hypotheses that are submitted. Select one hypothesis and work with the class to devise a simple experiment to test the hypothesis. Gather data or create fictional data and explain how to test the hypothesis and draw a conclusion based on the results.Ask lab groups to choose a hypothesis and design an experiment to test it.If time permits, have the students conduct the experiment, record and analyze the data and prepare a lab report. Assessment Ideas Ask students to present their results to the class. Be sure they state the hypothesis and whether or not it was supported and cite the evidence for this determination.Have students critique each others lab reports, with their grade determined by how well they identify the strong and weak points of the reports.Ask students to hand in a hypothesis and the proposed experiment for a follow-up project, based on the results of the in-class lesson.

The changing of Dim Sum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The changing of Dim Sum - Essay Example This paper will thus focus on the Dim Sum as a Chinese delicacy or food and the cultural weight and implication it bears relative to the Chinese people. Thus, just as the cultural tenets and principles of people do change, so does the Dim Sum as a delicacy and important treat of a meal (Nahm, 152). To begin with, the words Dim Sum in the loosest of translations refers to a light touch on the heart. In the past society and generations, dim sum was served as a unifying meal. This happened since the delicacy revives feelings of friendship in the good way. Just as culture is learnt and shared from one generation to the next, the dim sum as a concept has also been passed from one generation to the next (Watson and Melissa, 7). This means that even the ingredients and spices that were used to make the original dim sum are slightly different from the subsequent ones. For instance, in the ancient times, dim sum was treated in a casual manner where acquaintances, family and friends shared as an equivalent of â€Å"tea testing.† Dim sum was often served to the friends when they were waiting for the main meal, thus it was used as an appetizer. In principle, the preparation of the dim sum included spices such as prawn, chicken, dumplings, rice noodle rolls which are known as  "cheong fun† (Fung, Hung-Gay, Derrick and Yau, 19). As the times have changed, chefs and most restaurants have introduced pork and vegetables to and spice and give variety to consumers. This is aimed at responding to the people who may not be consumers of meat thus, allowing them the option of having dim sum in the form of vegetables (Alperson, 23). This has been necessitated by changing demands of the people in the society who are strict vegetarians but would still wish to enjoy their exquisite cuisine. It is important to note and mention that the traditional society did serve dim sum for the better part of the morning up to mid-afternoon. However, in the face of the changing dynamic times,

How the leader can maintain high quality performance Research Proposal

How the leader can maintain high quality performance - Research Proposal Example In terms of leadership theories, leaders can help maintain high quality performance by applying the applicable leadership style depending on the situation, the characteristics and personalities of the followers and the organizational goals. According to Martires (2004), â€Å"morale boosting is related to productivity and is an important function of leadership. Studies show that high morale is accompanied by high productivity. Good leadership effects a positive correlation between morale and productivity† (133). Leaders must be able to design and institute a balanced system of rewards and control, to monitor the progress of their subordinates, to appraise their performance and to motivate them towards the accomplishment of clearly defined tasks. Leaders acknowledge that the benefits of motivating, developing and training their followers contribute to high performance and productivity. Not only should leaders work towards achieving organizational goals, but also the personal an d professional goals of their followers. By acknowledging that leaders are genuinely committed towards the holistic development of people, would they be able to ensure that a high quality of performance is adhered to at all times. Work Cited Martires, Concepcion R.

Imperialism :: essays research papers

‘Examine the Causes of European Imperialism After 1870’ European control and power over other nations was not a new ideal prior to 1870; in fact the process was in place as early as the 14th century. Disease and geography are only two of the factors that prevented European colonisation until the 19th century. Many factors led to the massive rise in imperialism after 1870, both internal and external. European imperialism stems from the capitalistic greed for cheap raw materials, advantageous markets, and good investments. These ideas motivated the search for new markets because Imperialists would rather invest in new markets rather than raise wages of domestic workers. Not only was the cheap production of goods a motivating factor, but the quest for markets to sell manufactured goods contributed as well. Going along with this greed was the drive to expand authority by land acquisition or economic and political control over other nations. The quest for economic domination and advantage Europeans often denied the capitalistic greed as a factor in the cause of imperialism and had other ways of defining the motivation. Many stated that Imperialism was the natural effect of the idea of ‘survival of the fittest.’ This is best represented by Rudyard Kipling in the book ‘White Man’s Burden,’ which describes the notion that European Imperialism was simply the natural way that stronger nations gained power and those unable to keep up would be taken over. The Industrial Revolution also played a huge role in European imperialism. European nations had ease dominating non-Europeans due, in part, to the power retained from industrialisation. The Industrial Revolution provided tools such as guns, railway systems, steamships, and others, making it easier to overcome nations with less technology.

Upward Initial Velocity

1). A stone is dropped from rest from the top of a tall building, as Figure  2. 17  indicates. After 3. 00 s of free-fall, what is the  displacement  y  of the stone? | The stone, starting with zero velocity at the top of the building, is accelerated downward by gravity. | | Reasoning  Ã‚  The upward direction is chosen as the positive direction. The initial  velocity  v0  of the stone is zero, because the stone is dropped from rest. The  acceleration  due to gravity is negative, since it points downward in the negative direction. Solution | 2). After 3. 00 s of free-fall, what is the  velocity  v  of the stone? Solution 1).A football game customarily begins with a coin toss to determine who kicks off. The referee tosses the coin up with an initial  speed  of 5. 00 m/s. In the absence of air resistance, how high does the coin go above its point of release? Reasoning  Ã‚  The coin is given an upward initial velocity. But the  acceleration  due to gravity points downward. Since the  velocity  and acceleration point in opposite directions, the coin slows down as it moves upward. Eventually, the velocity of the coin becomes  v=0 m/s at the highest point. | At the start of a football game, a referee tosses a coin upward with an initial velocity of  v0=+5. 0 m/s. The velocity of the coin is momentarily zero when the coin reaches its maximum height. | Solution| 2). What is the total time the coin is in the air before returning to its release point? Reasoning  Ã‚  During the time the coin travels upward, gravity causes its  speed  to decrease to zero. On the way down, however, gravity causes the coin to regain the lost speed. Thus, the time for the coin to go up is equal to the time for it to come down. In other words, the total travel time is twice the time for the upward motion. With these data, we can use Equation   (v=v0+at) to find the upward travel time. Solution

Simple Conjugations of Répéter in French

When you want to say repeated or repeating in French, youll use the verb  rà ©pà ©ter. Yet, to get it into the past or present tense, a conjugation is necessary. In this lesson, well introduce you to the most common and simplest forms of the verb so you can use it in a sentence. The Basic Conjugations of  Rà ©pà ©ter French verb conjugations are required in order to form complete sentences. Unlike English, which has only a few conjugations, French gives you a new form of the verb for every subject pronoun within each tense. This means that youll have more words to memorize. Rà ©pà ©ter  is a  stem-changing verb. This is apparent in the indicative mood and the present, future, and imperfect past tenses in the chart. Notice how in some forms, the second  e  remains an  Ãƒ ©Ã‚  and in others, it changes to an  Ãƒ ¨. Also, youll find that in the future tense, either option is available to you.   Other than that difference in spelling, youll find that the endings attached to the verb stem (rà ©pà ©t-) are the same used for  regular -er  verbs. In that sense, these conjugations can be easier if you already know some of those conjugations. With that, match the subject pronoun with the proper tense for your sentence. For example, I am repeating is  je rà ©pà ¨te  and we will repeat is  nous rà ©pà ©terons. Present Future Imperfect je rà ©pà ¨te rà ©pà ©terairà ©pà ¨terai rà ©pà ©tais tu rà ©pà ¨tes rà ©pà ©terasrà ©pà ¨teras rà ©pà ©tais il rà ©pà ¨te rà ©pà ©terarà ©pà ¨tera rà ©pà ©tait nous rà ©pà ©tons rà ©pà ©teronsrà ©pà ¨terons rà ©pà ©tions vous rà ©pà ©tez rà ©pà ©terezrà ©pà ¨terez rà ©pà ©tiez ils rà ©pà ¨tent rà ©pà ©terontrà ©pà ¨teront rà ©pà ©taient The Present Participle of  Rà ©pà ©ter The  present participle  of rà ©pà ©ter  also follows a regular pattern by adding an -ant  ending without a stem change. The result is the word  rà ©pà ©tant. Rà ©pà ©ter  in the Compound Past Tense In French, the compound past tense is the  passà © composà ©. This is constructed by  conjugating avoir  to the subjects present tense and following it with the  past participle  rà ©pà ©tà ©. It comes together simply with  jai rà ©pà ©tà ©Ã‚  meaning I repeated and  nous avons rà ©pà ©tà ©Ã‚  meaning we repeated. More Simple Conjugations of  Rà ©pà ©ter There will be times when you dont know if something was repeated and this is when  the subjunctive  will be useful. Then again, if something will be repeated only if something else happens, youll use  the conditional.   The passà © simple  and  the imperfect subjunctive  are literary tenses found frequently in formal writing. Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je rà ©pà ¨te rà ©pà ©teraisrà ©pà ¨terais rà ©pà ©tai rà ©pà ©tasse tu rà ©pà ¨tes rà ©pà ©teraisrà ©pà ¨terais rà ©pà ©tas rà ©pà ©tasses il rà ©pà ¨te rà ©pà ©teraitrà ©pà ¨terait rà ©pà ©ta rà ©pà ©tà ¢t nous rà ©pà ©tions rà ©pà ©terionsrà ©pà ¨terions rà ©pà ©tà ¢mes rà ©pà ©tassions vous rà ©pà ©tiez rà ©pà ©teriezrà ©pà ¨teriez rà ©pà ©tà ¢tes rà ©pà ©tassiez ils rà ©pà ¨tent rà ©pà ©teraientrà ©pà ¨teraient rà ©pà ©tà ¨rent rà ©pà ©tassent To order or request someone to Repeat! in French, use  the imperative.  When doing so, skip the subject pronoun and simply say, Rà ©pà ¨te ! Imperative (tu) rà ©pà ¨te (nous) rà ©pà ©tons (vous) rà ©pà ©tez